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How Does Social Media Misinformation Impact Democracy?

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Misinformation
(via Caroline Amenabar | NPR)

Social media platforms were created to be venues for people to share, access, and use information. 

In concept, that sounds great for democratic institutions. The efficacy of democracy is predicated on informed individuals making informed decisions about how they want their government to look. Democracies thereby need the spread of information to massive degrees, especially when they’re trying to educate their voters.

Democracies objectively need to have accurate and accessible information for their participants to consume. When voters go to the polls, being educated is essential. In fact, proper education is one of the cornerstones of democracy itself.  But, what happens when the information being interacted with, and thereby the basis of American votes, is wrong?

The way that social media algorithms are set up doesn’t lend well to the democratic principle of legitimate news. This happens through the spread of misinformation. 

Since democracies give everyone an equal opinion, misinformation can have multiple negative impacts. Misinformation can sway voters with unfounded theories, create extremism, and discourage faith in the democratic process itself. 

Let’s take Twitter, for example. Twitter uses learning algorithms: relevant posts end up being shown the most at the top of feeds. This means that highly engaging content is likely to be then spread around at a faster pace. 

This places a significant emphasis on retweets and engagement, as both factors are weighed heavily in how Twitter prioritizes posts that people see.

Political misinformation, however, is prevalent on Twitter. Outrageous tweets are easier to engage with, mainly when they feature scary taglines that introduce wild theory or story. 

Research confirms this, and the numbers are shocking. MIT conducted a study back in 2018 and found that misinformation on Twitter is 70% more likely to be retweeted than truthful news. Even crazier, it takes true stories six times longer to reach 1500 people. 

Going back to Twitter’s retweet-based algorithm, which ranks highly engaged posts better than others, the link between social media and misinformation now becomes pretty clear. 

Soroush Vosoughi, a co-author on the paper, explains that misinformation’s nature of shock value can make it more prone to retweets:

“People respond to false news more with surprise and disgust,” he notes.

This misinformation, which is usually political, can have real-world impacts on how people vote. The U.S recently saw Latino voters being targeted with mass amounts of social media misinformation during the presidential election, which allegedly succeeded in swaying votes away from Joe Biden. 

Voters casting ballots based on misinformation are not good, and it certainly doesn’t help democracy’s founding principles. 

An avid social media user, Adam Meskouri hopes to showcase the stories of upcoming digital projects and brands. Through Genfluencer, Adam gives young social media entrepreneurs a platform to share their journey with the world. Besides Genfluencer, he enjoys public speaking and managing his large social media accounts.

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COVID-19 Cases Rise As New Delta Variant Spreads

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COVID-19
(via Mario Tama | Getty Images)

Several countries worldwide are now battling another wave of COVID-19 that is mainly due to the new Delta variant. Per several studies, this variant seems to be more contagious than the other previous strains.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of COVID-19 cases has risen by over 53% in the last week, and the Delta variant is responsible for 80% of these new cases that have been found in the USA. As of 30th July 2021, over 90 countries have been affected by this virus, with the epicenters being the UK, USA, Portugal, Germany, and India. 

On Thursday, 29th July, the CDC released details citing how the delta variant has changed the war against Covid-19. According to the CDC, this variant spreads faster than the common cold, the 1918 flu, and smallpox. 

To give more context about this new COVID-19 variant, let’s share some facts that you may need to know about it. 

The Delta variant has similar symptoms with the original strain 

People that have been affected by this variant appear to have similar symptoms to those with the older variants. However, physicians say the delta variant multiplies faster in the respiratory tract, making young people sicker faster. 

The Delta variant brings mild symptoms amongst the vaccinated 

Most of the vaccinated people are asymptomatic to this variant, so they will likely show no signs. However, some have experienced mild symptoms like headache, cough, fever, and significant loss of smell. 

The Delta variant impacts unvaccinated people more 

Currently, in the USA, over 97% of the people hospitalized with COVID-19 are unvaccinated. This new variant may easily lead to severe symptoms, hospitalization, and death for those not vaccinated. 

Experts are recommending wearing masks for even those that are vaccinated 

To safeguard yourself from this variant, experts recommend wearing masks even for those already vaccinated. However, experts still say people who are vaccinated are unlikely to get severe symptoms that require hospitalization. 

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How Activists Are Using Social Media To Fight Anti Semitism

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Anti Semitism
(via Tolga Akmen/Agence France-Presse | Getty Images)

Anti Semitism is defined as  “a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.” 

Anti Semitism is not a new form of hate. In fact, it has existed for thousands of years. Yet, to some extent, Anti Semitism has been recently streamlined through social media. Anonymity online has led to an uptick in hate speech towards various groups, one of which is the Jewish population. Because online posts generally see more minor consequences (in contrast to in-person actions and words), they’ve become a hub for extremism to flourish. 

But similar to how social media is used to spread Anti Semitic rhetoric, it is also being used to combat it. One organization that fights Anti Semitism online is Stop Anti-Semitism, founded in 2018 by Liora Rez. 

Liora, a previous content creator in her own right, pivoted her audience and built a new organization to focus on antisemitism. The organization reaches millions of people per month through social media platforms, their website, and a mailing list. Stop Anti-Semitism has also teamed up with reporters, law enforcement, congressional members, and global NGOs to help expose and stop antisemitism. 

The organization has been able to hold antisemites accountable through school suspensions, job losses, and arrests. StopAntiSemitsm is one of the biggest platforms fighting anti-Semitism on social media and has amassed a following of over 47,000. 

Another social media page fighting is Stand With Us. With over 330,000 followers on Instagram, their outreach is massive. Unlike the targeted approach that stops Anti Semitism takes, Stand With Us focuses on tackling antisemitism on a huge scale as well. They’ve sponsored many rallies against antisemitism across the world. At the same time, they’ve started up high school clubs all throughout America. Stand With Us is exceptionally organized, with over a hundred employees. 

As a member of the Jewish community, I find the rise of anti-Semitism extremely concerning. I know of many people within the Jewish community who have begun to hide the fact that they are Jewish as they fear repercussions that they may face. Social media has been used to inspire members within the Jewish community to be prideful of their culture and religion. At the same time, it has become the battlefield against the cancer of antisemitism. Stand With Us and Stop Anti Semitism are just a few of the dozens of accounts that focus on combating the rise in antisemitism.

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Social Media Challenges Florida With New Policy Announcement

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Social Media
(via Shutterstock | REDPIXEL.PL)

We previously told you about how Floridian Governor Ron DeSantis (R) recently signed a big anti-social media bill into law. 

The legislation targets big social media companies like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Under it, no longer can companies ban political candidates or officials from participating on their platforms. 

“What we have seen in recent years is a shift away from internet platforms and social media platforms from really being liberating forces to now being enforcers of orthodoxy,” Gov DeSantis notes.

That bill covers both statewide and national candidates, though the fines for social media companies removing statewide candidates are much bigger. If a candidate runs for statewide office, the penalty is $250,000 per day (compared to $25,000 a day for out-of-state positions). 

Many policymakers are contesting the premise of such a bill. Oregon senator Ron Wyden (D) notes: “The First Amendment to the United States Constitution — backstopped by Section 230 — makes it abundantly clear that states have no power to compel private companies to host speech, especially from politicians.”

Lawsuits against the bill (many of which are based on constitutionality and are led by social media platforms) have already emerged.

Likewise, Facebook’s new policy announcement importantly indicates that the social media giant isn’t backing down to the threat of fines. 

In the future, Facebook is now publicly looking to remove its rule on political exemptions, indicating that candidates and those in office no longer have near immunity for what they say or do on the platform. 

Previously, policymakers and candidates held a level of newsworthiness that made banning them on social media sites (in this case, Facebook) complex. 

Facebook explains: If “someone makes a statement or shares a post which breaks our community standards we will still allow it on our platform if we believe the public interest in seeing it outweighs the risk of harm.” That rule supposedly won’t be around for much longer. 

If Florida stays where they are, federal courts might also get involved. By extending into the topic of constitutionality, federal courts now have jurisdiction to get involved and overrule/uphold legislation created by the state supreme courts.

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